howtospark
Training

Dynamic quantization (importance-aware)

Reduce model sizeQuantizationPlanned

Spend bits where they hurt — nominal 1-bit quants that are really ~2.3 bpw in the right places.

On the Spark

How a 753B model becomes a 217 GB artifact: UD-IQ1_S keeps attention at 4–6 bit and crushes the cold experts.

Objective
Reduce model size · Lossy
Relieves
CapacityBandwidth
Targets
Weights
Format
Mixed 1–8 bit per tensor (UD-IQ1_S … UD-Q8_K_XL)
Granularity
Per-tensor bit allocation by measured importance
Lifecycle
PTQ · no gradients
Calibration
Small calibration set
Compression
4–7×
Quality
Far above uniform quants at equal size; cliff below ~2 effective bits/weight
Hardware
None — CPU/GPU split, runs on any silicon
Runtimes
llama.cpp
In the wild
Unsloth dynamic GGUFs

Heterogeneous per-layer GGUF quants of frontier open models — aggressive bits where it's safe, more where it hurts.

Unsloth GLM-5.2 UD-IQ1_S

753B → 216.7 GB (2.30 effective bits/weight) — the measured basis for the optimizer's 1-bit GGUF row.

A worked Spark recipe for this method hasn't been written yet — it lives here as a reference point in the ontology. It's on the list.